Fig. 1: Preparation and characterization of YCW particles. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Preparation and characterization of YCW particles.

From: Yeast-derived nanoparticles remodel the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes to suppress tumor growth

Fig. 1: Preparation and characterization of YCW particles.

A Schematic of preparation of YCW nanoparticles (NPs). B SEM and TEM images of every procedure from yeast to different size of YCW NPs. Upper left: SEM image of procedure (1)–(3), Scale bar = 3 μm. Bottom left: TEM image of procedure (1)–(3), Scale bar = 1 μm. Right: TEM image of procedure (4) (three different sizes of YCW NPs), Scale bar = 500 nm. C Distribution of three different sizes of YCW NPs observed by DLS. D SDS-PAGE of YCW particles, including MPs (micro-particles), Large NPs, Middle NPs and Small NPs, using Coomassie Brilliant Blue Staining. E The corresponding quantification of Cy5.5 (MFI) after DC2.4 incubation with Cy5.5-labelled particles for 24 h (n = 3, n means the number of samples included in an individual experiment). F Confocal imaging of Cy5.5-labelled YCW particles with different sizes after incubation with DC2.4 for 24 h (blue: DAPI; red: Cy5.5; Scale bar = 10 μm, n = 3). All experiments were run in triplicate. Statistical significance between different groups was obtained by one-way ANOVA using the Tukey post-test. ****P < 0.0001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05. Data are means ± SD. YCW: yeast cell wall, SEM: scanning electron microscopy, TEM: transmission electron microscopy, DLS: dynamic light scattering, MFI: mean fluorescence intensity, arb. units: arbitrary units.

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