Fig. 6: Therapeutic efficacy of YCW NPs in combination with PD-L1 blockade.

A Schematic diagram of combination treatment, including UnTx group, aPD-L1 group, small NPs group, combination group. B–C Individual (B) and average (C) tumor growth curves in four groups (UnTx: n = 5; aPD-L1: n = 5; Small NPs: n = 4; Combination: n = 6) within 60 days. D In vivo bioluminescence imaging of B16-luc established mice in four different groups. E Survival curves of combination therapy. F Representative H&E staining imaging of main organs, including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney in group of untreated and combination (Scale bar = 200 µm, n = 3). G Weight curve of different groups. H Flow cytometry plots of CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells of tumors in four groups. I Corresponding quantitative analysis of CD8⁺ T cells of tumor. J Corresponding quantitative analysis of CD4⁺ T cells of tumor. K Flow cytometry plots of MDSCs (CD45⁺ CD11b⁺ Gr-1⁺ cells) in untreated and combination group. L Corresponding quantitative analysis of CD11b⁺ Gr-1⁺ in CD45⁺ cells. M Flow cytometry plots of TAMs (CD206⁺ CD11b⁺ F4/80⁺ CD45⁺ cells) in untreated and combination group; N Corresponding quantitative analysis of CD206⁺ in CD11b⁺ F4/80⁺ CD45⁺ cells (n = 4). Statistical significance between combination group and other groups was obtained by one-way ANOVA using the Tukey post-test. ****P < 0.0001; ***P < 0.005; **P < 0.01. Data are means ± SD.