Fig. 1: Asymmetric topological pumping in an array of SPPs waveguides.
From: Asymmetric topological pumping in nonparaxial photonics
a Schematic illustration of the photonic Rice-Mele model consisting of periodically bending waveguides, with sinusoidal modulations of the nearest-neighbor (NN) waveguide spacing Gz G(z) and height parameters of the “H-shaped” unit along the propagation direction z. b Illustration of the extended Rice-Mele model with staggered on-site potentials (propagation constants β1,2), NN coupling strengths (κ1,2), and next-nearest-neighbor coupling strength (κNNN). The detailed values of the sinusoidally modulated (c) propagating constants and (d) coupling strengths κNN and κNNN along the propagation direction z. Experimental data for the near-field measurements of the electric field (Ey, perpendicular to the array surface) after injecting 17 GHz microwaves from e left boundary (the 1st waveguide) and f right boundary (the 10th waveguide), respectively.
