Fig. 6: Electrochemical performance of UiO-66@PP separator.

a, b Nitrogen-sorption isotherm curves and pore size distribution (red) and cumulative pore volume (black) profiles measured at 77 K of UiO-66 after ball-milled, respectively. c Voltage vs. time for symmetric lithium cell where each half-cycle lasts 1 h. Initial voltage profiles of the PP separator (red curve), UiO-66@PP (blue curve)-based cells at a fixed current density of 1 mA cm−2 (1 mAh cm−2). SEM images of the lithium metal anode after 120 h cycling: d, e The PP separator-based symmetric lithium cell. f, g UiO-66@PP-based symmetric lithium cell. The insets show the lithium metal after 120 h cycling in different cells: the PP separator and UiO-66@PP-based symmetric lithium cells, respectively.