Table 1 Welfare effects of the RCEP tariff elimination on member countries (%).

From: Regional trade agreement burdens global carbon emissions mitigation

Members

Real wage

Welfare

Total

Volume of trade

Terms of trade

RCEP

RoW

RCEP

RoW

Australia

0.3

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

China

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.0

0.1

0.1

Japan

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.1

South Korea

2.4

3.3

4.5

−0.5

−0.4

−0.3

New Zealand

0.4

0.5

0.0

0.0

0.3

0.2

ASEAN member

 Brunei

0.5

0.6

0.0

0.0

0.5

0.1

 Cambodia

11.9

8.5

5.1

−0.5

1.8

2.1

 Indonesia

0.9

0.8

0.4

0.0

0.2

0.2

 Malaysia

4.7

1.3

1.2

−0.1

0.1

0.1

 Philippines

2.0

0.5

0.4

0.0

0.0

0.1

 Singapore

3.5

3.8

0.0

0.0

1.7

2.1

 Thailand

3.2

1.8

2.5

−0.2

−0.4

−0.1

 Vietnam

5.6

15.6

10.2

−0.4

3.1

2.7

  1. Note: The table presents the changes in real wage and welfare for the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) members if trade in goods among the members becomes duty-free. We do not have specific results for two ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries (Laos and Myanmar) due to data unavailability. The total welfare effects are decomposed into the volume of trade effect and terms of trade effect, which are further decomposed separately into the results of trade with RCEP members (columns 3 and 5) versus trade with the rest of the world (RoW, columns 4 and 6).