Table 4 Vaccine uptake by race and ethnicity according to country of enrollment among frontline healthcare workers and the general community.

From: Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom

 

United States

 

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian

More than one/other

Frontline healthcare workers

Number receiving a vaccine/total

827/1906

28/112

41/136

41/89

18/44

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

0.59 (0.38–0.92)

0.85 (0.57–1.27)

1.00 (0.64–1.55)

1.01 (0.54–1.90)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

0.63 (0.39–1.03)

0.81 (0.52–1.25)

1.11 (0.68–1.80)

1.02 (0.50–2.06)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.67 (0.40–1.11)

0.84 (0.53–1.33)

1.01 (0.62–1.66)

1.04 (0.51–2.10)

General community

Number receiving a vaccine/total

14,514/62,238

334/2067

478/3099

675/3000

184/959

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

0.75 (0.68–0.84)

1.01 (0.92–1.11)

1.10 (1.01–1.18)

0.95 (0.82–1.10)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

0.76 (0.68–0.85)

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

1.07 (0.98–1.15)

0.94 (0.81–1.09)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.73 (0.65–0.82)

0.93 (0.85–1.03)

0.99 (0.91–1.08)

0.91 (0.79–1.06)

 

United Kingdom

White

Black

South Asian

Middle East/East Asian

More than one/other

Frontline healthcare workers

Number receiving a vaccine/total

14,955/25,449

158/373

313/579

106/204

152/320

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

0.70 (0.59–0.82)

0.94 (0.84–1.06)

0.87 (0.72–1.06)

0.79 (0.67–0.93)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

0.71 (0.6–0.84)

0.97 (0.86–1.10)

0.85 (0.70–1.05)

0.81 (0.68–0.96)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.71 (0.6–0.85)

0.95 (0.84–1.09)

0.85 (0.68–1.05)

0.78 (0.65–0.94)

General community

Number receiving a vaccine/total

156,498/1,085,095

864/8414

2026/14,620

816/6742

1354/13,192

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

1.13 (1.06–1.21)

1.34 (1.28–1.4)

1.11 (1.04–1.19)

1.10 (1.04–1.16)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

1.13 (1.05–1.21)

1.30 (1.24–1.36)

1.10 (1.02–1.18)

1.08 (1.02–1.14)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

1.05 (0.98–1.13)

1.22 (1.17–1.28)

1.05 (0.98–1.13)

1.02 (0.97–1.08)

  1. Data are shown through 1 February 2021.
  2. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio.
  3. aConditioned upon age and date of study entry.
  4. bAdditional conditioning upon sex and adjustment for personal history of diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, current smoking status, body mass index, and prior reported history of COVID-19 infection.
  5. cAdditional adjustment for frontline healthcare worker status, region, and education and income at the community level (except in models for given strata).