Table 6 Vaccine uptake by race and ethnicity according to country of enrollment by educational attainment.

From: Self-reported COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake among participants from different racial and ethnic groups in the United States and United Kingdom

 

United States

White

Black

Hispanic

Asian

More than one/other

Lower educational attainment (Quartile 1)

Number receiving a vaccine/total

3441/14,875

141/926

189/1221

165/610

55/304

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

0.69 (0.58–0.82)

1.11 (0.95–1.30)

1.18 (1.01–1.39)

0.91 (0.69–1.21)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

0.70 (0.58–0.83)

1.15 (0.98–1.36)

1.14 (0.96–1.35)

0.87 (0.66–1.16)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.65 (0.54–0.78)

1.06 (0.90–1.26)

1.10 (0.92–1.31)

0.86 (0.64–1.14)

Higher educational attainment (Quartile 4)

Number receiving a vaccine/total

3808/16,031

56/278

88/528

155/800

46/214

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

0.96 (0.73–1.26)

1.03 (0.83–1.28)

1.27 (1.07–1.50)

1.06 (0.78–1.44)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

0.97 (0.73–1.28)

1.05 (0.84–1.32)

1.28 (1.08–1.52)

1.06 (0.78–1.45)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.93 (0.70–1.24)

0.95 (0.75–1.19)

1.19 (1.00–1.42)

1.09 (0.80–1.50)

 

United Kingdom

White

Black

South Asian

Middle East/East Asian

More than one/other

Lower educational attainment (Quartile 1)

Number receiving a vaccine/total

39,534/273,555

354/2822

439/3422

178/1324

289/2881

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

1.22 (1.10–1.36)

1.14 (1.03–1.25)

1.16 (1.00–1.35)

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

1.21 (1.09–1.34)

1.13 (1.03–1.24)

1.18 (1.02–1.37)

0.93 (0.83–1.04)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

1.08 (0.97–1.20)

1.06 (0.97–1.17)

1.09 (0.94–1.27)

0.94 (0.83–1.05)

Higher educational attainment (Quartile 4)

Number receiving a vaccine/total

35,969/217,167

153/1259

503/3215

220/1632

346/3110

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)a

1.0 (ref.)

1.07 (0.91–1.25)

1.30 (1.19–1.43)

1.05 (0.92–1.20)

1.03 (0.93–1.14)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)b

1.0 (ref.)

1.06 (0.90–1.24)

1.27 (1.16–1.39)

1.02 (0.89–1.17)

1.01 (0.91–1.13)

Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)c

1.0 (ref.)

0.96 (0.81–1.12)

1.13 (1.03–1.23)

0.93 (0.81–1.06)

0.96 (0.86–1.07)

  1. Data are shown through 1 February 2021.
  2. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio.
  3. aConditioned upon age and date of study entry.
  4. bAdditional conditioning upon sex and adjustment for personal history of diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, current smoking status, body mass index, and prior reported history of COVID-19 infection.
  5. cAdditional adjustment for frontline healthcare worker status, region, and education and income at the community level (except in models for given strata).
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