Fig. 1: Illumination induces detectable ATP and NADPH biosynthesis in mesophyll cell chloroplasts but not in guard cell chloroplasts.
From: Arabidopsis guard cell chloroplasts import cytosolic ATP for starch turnover and stomatal opening
The 3rd and 4th leaves of 20- to 22-day-old wild-type Arabidopsis plants expressing TKTP-AT1.03 (ATP sensor), TKTP-iNAP4 (NADPH sensor) or TKTP-cpYFP (pH sensor) were collected at three different time points (EoN, 2 h and 8 h into the day). a, b Stromal AT1.03 signals (p-values of panel a: EoN = 0.012, 2 h = 0.036, and 8 h = 0.010), c, d Stromal iNAP4 signals (p-values of panel c: EoN = 0.004, 2 h = 0.032, and 8 h = 0.015), and e, f Stromal cpYFP signals (p-values of panel e: EoN = 0.002, 2 h = 0.002, and 8 h = 0.017) from mesophyll cells (MCs, a, c, e) and guard cells (GCs, b, d, f) in response to white light illumination at 216 μmol m−2 s−1 for 180 s. The iNAP results presented here were normalized to TKTP-iNAPc. EoN, End of night. Asterisks indicate significant statistical differences (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01) before and after 180 s of illumination, as determined by a paired t-test, two-tailed (n = 5; mean ± SEM). Source data are provided as a source data file.
