Fig. 9: Coactivation-participating-ensembles in the BLA and PL5, and the distinct firing properties of ensemble-coactivation-contributing cells in the BLA and vCA1 are configured prior to conditioning.

a The proportion of ensembles significantly activated during pre- and post-cond NREM. Ensembles not coupled with PL5, BLA, or vCA1 are shown as other ensembles. The horizontal line indicates the chance level (2.5%), and the numbers of ensembles are superimposed on the bars. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, χ² test. b Mean ensemble activation event rates in NREM. Ensembles not coupled with PL5, BLA, or vCA1 are shown as other ensembles. Error bars indicate the SEM. **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, WSR-test for difference between pre- and post-cond NREM. c Mean firing rates of coupled and non-coupled (others) excitatory cells during NREM in the 1st and 2nd halves of pre- and post-cond homecage sessions. Error bars indicate SEM. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, post hoc TK test following two-way ANOVA on the logarithm of the data. The coupled regions had a significant effect in all regions, whereas periods had a significant effect in PL5 but not in BLA or vCA1. d The firing rate modulation (FR mod.) by HFOs and SWRs (firing-rate ratio of within over outside HFOs or SWRs during NREM) for coupled and non-coupled (others) cells in the BLA, vCA1, and PL5. The centre lines and limits of the boxes represent the median and upper/lower quartiles, respectively, and whiskers extend to the maxima and minima with outliers excluded. Horizontal grey lines indicate no modulation (100%). ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, WSR-test for modulation within pre- or post-cond NREM (coloured) and changes from pre- to post-cond NREM (black). The numbers of analysed ensembles in (a, b) and cells in (c, d) are summarised in Supplementary Tables 7 and 8, respectively. Detailed statistics are shown in Supplementary Data 1. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.