Fig. 2: Preparation and characterization of DVL-Cu.
From: Electrochemical CO2 reduction to ethylene by ultrathin CuO nanoplate arrays

a Schematic illustration of morphology changes during the electrochemical reduction of DVL-Cu and CuO-NPs. b, c High-magnification SEM images of CuO-NPs (b) and DVL-Cu (c). The scale bars are 200 nm. d GI-XRD patterns of CuO-NPs and DVL-Cu for different reduction times. e Cu LMM Auger spectra of CuO-NPs and DVL-Cu (after 1 h reduction) with respect to different Ar+ etching times. f In situ Raman spectra of DVL-Cu during electrolysis.