Fig. 4: Structural characterizations of the hierarchical Zr-based MOFs.

SEM (a–e) and TEM (f, g) images of hierarchical Zr-based MOFs synthesized with different P123/F127 mass ratio and swelling agent: a, f 2:1, 120 μL TMB; b, g 2:1, 80 μL toluene; c, h 1:0, 70 μL toluene; d, i 1:0, 90 μL toluene; e, j 1:0, 120 μL benzene. The insets in Fig. 4 show the 3D model of the corresponding architectures.