Fig. 5: The depletion of Parabacteroides distasonis and non-12OH BAs resulted in reduced energy expenditure in the weight-rebound mice.

a Relative abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis in the contents of cecum among three groups. b The (un)conjugated (non-)12OH BAs percentage in the serum. c The BAs composition profiles in the serum. p-values were adjusted by the FDR’s method. d The composition level of LCA and UDCA in the serum. p-values were adjusted by the FDR’s method. e Relative mRNA expression of Tgr5 and Gcg genes in the distal ileum, n = 6 per group. f Active GLP-1 level in serum. g Relative mRNA expression of thermogenesis-related genes in the BAT. h UCP1 protein expression in the BAT, n = 3 per group. n = 8 per group in the experiments. Differences were assessed by a two-tailed multiple T-test in the GraphPad software. Data were expressed as means \(\pm\) SEM in the bar plots. All box and whiskers plots showed the box (from the 25th to 75th percentiles), the median value (in the transverse line), and the whiskers (go down to the smallest value and up to the largest). Source data are provided as a Source data file. 12α-hydroxylated bile acids (12OH BAs); non-12α-hydroxylated bile acids (non-12OH BAs); T-conjugated (taurine-conjugated); cholic acid (CA); deoxycholic acid (DCA); chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA); muricholic acid (MCA); lithocholic acid (LCA); ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA); Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Tgr5); glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1); brown adipose tissue (BAT); uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1); peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc1α); elongation of very long-chain fatty acids 3 (Elovl3); elongation of very long-chain fatty acids 6 (Elovl6).