Fig. 9: Effects of sympathectomy in orthotopic transplantation models.

a, b Cell confluence measured using IncuCyte live-cell imaging for PK4A-Luc (a) and R211-Luc (b) cells incubated with different concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), with or without atenolol (At) or butoxamine (buto). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. a P = 0.9298; b control versus NE, P < 0.001, control versus NE+ buto, P < 0.001, NE versus NE+buto, P < 0.001 (two-way ANOVA). n = 3 samples from three independent experiments. c Outline of the in vivo experiments. d Bioluminescence images of AA- and 6-OHDA-treated FVB/C57BL/6 mice 8 days after orthotopic grafting of PK4A-Luc cells. e, f Examples of growth curves for two representative mice from the control (e) and sympathectomized (f) groups engrafted with PK4A-Luc cells. The x axis represents time (in days), the y axis represents log-luminescence. Bioluminescence data (black dots) were fitted to a Gompertz growth curve function. Shades represent the credible regions of posterior probability 0.5 (dark tone) or 0.95 (light tone) of two mouse-level growth curves. g–i Comparison of the 2D-posterior distributions of the group-level shape parameters (log b and a) of the two groups (AA in gray, 6-OHDA in blue) after syngeneic orthotopic transplantation of PK4A-Luc (g) and R211-Luc cells (h), or after transplantation of R211-Luc cells in athymic nude mice (i). Shades indicate high posterior density credible regions of probabilities 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.95 (from dark to light tone). The boxplots in the margins of the graph represent the marginal posterior distributions of the two parameters (log b and a) in both populations (AA and 6-OHDA). The center line estimates the median of the posterior distribution, the box limits estimate the first and third quantiles of the posterior distribution. Each whisker is of length 1.5 times the interquartile range and is shortened when no draw from the posterior reaches or exceeds the limit of this whisker. On the other hand, draws that fall outside the whiskers are represented as dots. P indicates the posterior probability of the difference between the two groups. Scale bar = 1 cm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.