Fig. 4: The first-order derivative operation.
From: Single-layer spatial analog meta-processor for imaging processing
a Schematic diagram and b theoretical calculations (left), numerical simulations (middle) and experimental results (right) of the normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for 1D-edge detection along x-axis. c Schematic diagram and d theoretical calculations (left), numerical simulations (middle) and experimental results (right) of the normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for 1D-edge detection along y-axis. e Schematic diagram and f theoretical calculations (left), numerical simulations (middle) and experimental results (right) of normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for vertex detection. g Schematic diagram and h theoretical calculations (left), numerical simulations (middle) and experimental results (right) of normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for 2D-edge detection. i The input image of regular pentagon (left) with lp = 210 mm and output experimental results (right) of normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for 2D-edge detection. j The input image of regular hexagon (left) with lh = 175 mm and the output experimental results (right) of normalized electric field intensity distribution at the output focal length f2 = 100 mm and 10 GHz working frequency for 2D-edge detection.
