Fig. 3: Stability test of QL-COFs and nanofiltration performance test of QL-COF-2 membrane.

PXRD patterns measured after one day treatment of QL-COF-1 (a) and QL-COF-2 (b) in 6 M HCl (pink), 6 M NaOH (blue), 1 M NaBH4 (red) and 1 M KMnO4 (black). c The water permeances and dye rejection rates of blank tube and the QL-COF-2 membranes synthesized at different concentration of the mother solution in the nanofiltration experiments of 50 ppm Congo red. d Serial numbers and molecular sizes of dyes in nanofiltration experiments. 1-Neutral red, 2-methylene blue, 3-methyl orange, 4-acid blue, 5-chrome black T, 6-acid fuchsin, 7-Congo red, 8-methyl blue, 9-rose bengal, 10-vitamin B-12. e Rejection rates of various dyes through the QL-COF-2 and LZU-1 membranes. f Water permeances of various dyes through the QL-COF-2 and LZU-1 membranes.