Fig. 3: Femtosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy of TiO2 NC at the oxygen K-edge.

XAS spectra measured +1 ps after pump excitation (black) and ground states before excitation (red). Transient XAS are obtained at +1 and +100 ps time delays. The transient XAS was obtained from the difference between the optically excited XAS at several pump-probe time delays and XAS measured at a negative time delay of −15 ps (ground state). Errors for the transient XAS were estimated from the transient XAS at a negative delay time (−10 ps).