Fig. 5: Statistics of anomalous terms.

Anomalous terms are calculated from 22 magnetopause current sheets with lower hybrid waves. The black points indicate EDR crossings, red points indicate reconnection crossings outside the EDR, and green points indicate boundary crossings without clear evidence of reconnection. The maximum values of the anomalous viscosity and anomalous drag for each event, (\(| {{{{{{{\bf{T}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\) and \(| {{{{{{{\bf{D}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\)), are comparable. The diffusion coefficient D_⊥ tends to increase with the negative of the anomalous flow V_N,anom up to tens of km s⁻¹, indicating significant flow from high to low density in the direction normal for large D_⊥. a \(| {{{{{{{\bf{T}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\) versus \(| {{{{{{{\bf{D}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\), b D_⊥ versus − V_N,anom. The dashed line in panel (a) indicates \(| {{{{{{{\bf{D}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }=| {{{{{{{\bf{T}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\). The horizontal and vertical lines indicate the uncertainties of \(| {{{{{{{\bf{D}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\) and \(| {{{{{{{\bf{T}}}}}}}}{| }_{\max }\) in (a) and V_N,anom and D_⊥ in (b). See Methods, subsection Estimating the anomalous terms for details on the calculation of the uncertainties.