Fig. 1: Tofacitinib treatment leads to improvement in cutaneous sarcoidosis.

a Left panel: baseline treatment regimens for each patient, HCQ: hydroxychloroquine (dose shown as mg twice daily), MTX: methotrexate (mg weekly), Pred: prednisone (mg daily), and Tofa: tofacitinib, Dur: duration of most recent therapeutic regimen; patients taking prednisone often had been on and off for significantly longer than indicated. *Treatment with prednisone or methotrexate was recommended but declined by patients due to prior adverse effects with these medications. Scad: maximum previous Scadding stage. b CSAMI activity scores and c total lesion glycolysis (TLG) over the study period. d Treatment regimens at the end of the study (6 months), tofacitinib (Tofa) dose shown as mg twice daily, blue: discontinued/reduced dose during study, **prednisone increased due to worsening pre-existing Achilles tendinopathy, not worsening of sarcoidosis. e Dermal papules/plaques and subcutaneous nodules of sarcoidosis before and after treatment. f Extensive involvement of the face before and after 6 months of treatment; scarring from the longstanding (>20 years) lesions persisted. g Sarcoid dactylitis before and after 6 months of treatment. h Lupus pernio presentation of sarcoidosis, also with annular plaque on the cheek, before and after treatment; significant scarring persisted in this patient. i Lupus pernio presentation of sarcoidosis before and after treatment. j Nail dystrophy related to sarcoidal inflammation in the nail matrix (demonstrated by matrix biopsy) resolved after 6 months of treatment. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation persisted. k Papules and plaques on the forearm of a patient before and after treatment. l Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained and CD68 immunohistochemistry on skin biopsies from a representative complete responder (Pt 7, both from the back) and partial responder (Pt 5, both from the arm), scale bar: 150 μM. Similar results were seen in two additional partial responders in whom biopsies were performed. Source data are provided as a Data Source File.