Fig. 5: Effects of parvalbumin KO on thermogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and glucose homeostasis.
From: Targeting parvalbumin promotes M2 macrophage polarization and energy expenditure in mice
a Immunoblots of UCP1 in primary adipocytes after exposure to CM for 24 h (n = 3; representative of 3 biological replicates per group). Oxygen consumption (VO2) (b), carbon dioxide production (VCO2) (c), and energy expenditure (d) of WT and male parvalbumin KO mice (n = 6 per group). e UCP1 protein expression in scWAT and BAT of WT and parvalbumin-KO mice under room temperature. f Representative thermogenic gene expression in scWAT of WT and parvalbumin KO mice (n = 10 per group) under room temperature. Insulin tolerance (g) and glucose tolerance (h) test of WT and parvalbumin KO mice under room temperature (n = 8 per group). i Representative immunoblots showing effects of parvalbumin KO on insulin signaling in scWAT under room temperature. j Representative thermogenic gene expression in scWAT of male WT and parvalbumin KO mice (n = 6 per group) under thermoneutrality condition. Insulin tolerance (k) and glucose tolerance (l) test of male WT and parvalbumin KO mice under thermoneutrality condition (n = 6 per group). m Representative immunoblots showing effects of parvalbumin KO on insulin signaling in scWAT under room temperature. n Basal and maximal OCR of BAT, scWAT, and muscle tissues from parvalbumin KO and WT mice were determined by Seahorse (n = 6 per group). P value: 0.0106, 0.0385, 0.0003, 0.0258. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. P values were determined by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test (f, j, and n), two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests (g, h, k, and l), and ANCOVA using weight as a covariable (b–d). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
