Fig. 3: Tunability of the bunching wavelength and flat longitudinal phase space of the injected beams. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Tunability of the bunching wavelength and flat longitudinal phase space of the injected beams.

From: Generation of ultrahigh-brightness pre-bunched beams from a plasma cathode for X-ray free-electron lasers

Fig. 3

a The dependence of harmonic number h on the normalized density gradient g under different colliding lasers. b The modulation wavelength when different ramps and lasers are used where np0 = 1.97 × 1019 cm−3. c The longitudinal phase space of the injected electrons at their optimized acceleration distance. The inset shows the sinusoidal energy modulation.

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