Fig. 5: Association of HTN-PRS with hypertension measures across race/ethnicities.
The forest plot provides the association of the HTN- PRS with prevalent and incident hypertension in the stage 2 dataset, and within race/ethnic backgrounds. The top part corresponds to prevalence analysis at the baseline visit, the middle part corresponds to prediction of new onset hypertension in exam 2, among individuals who had normal BP at baseline, and the bottom part corresponds to prediction of new onset hypertension in exam 2, among individuals who had elevated BP at baseline. For each analysis the figure provides sample size (N), estimated odds ratio (OR) per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase of the PRS, and 95% confidence interval, p value of the association from the Wald test, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). Estimated ORs and confidence intervals (CIs) are provided both in the text (left part) and as points and error bars. Heterogeneity of estimated effects across race/ethnic groups was tested using the Cochran’s Q test accounting for correlation due to genetic relatedness across groups. The PRS association was estimated in a model adjusted for sex, age, age2, study site, race/ethnic background, smoking status, BMI, and 11 ancestral principal components. PRS SD was defined according to the sampling SD of the PRS estimated in the entire TOPMed dataset. Statistical tests relied on the chi-squared distribution with either one degree of freedom (for effect size estimates) or 4 or 3 degrees of freedom (when testing heterogeneity across 5 or 4 strata of race/ethnic background) based on two-sided alternative hypothesis.
