Fig. 5: GS and GN cooperate to synthesise glycogen. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: GS and GN cooperate to synthesise glycogen.

From: Mechanism of glycogen synthase inactivation and interaction with glycogenin

Fig. 5: GS and GN cooperate to synthesise glycogen.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Glucose is converted into glycogen through the action of glycogenin (GN), glycogen synthase (GS) and glycogen branching enzyme (GBE). GN interacts with GS to feed the initial glucose chain into the GS active site for elongation. GS is regulated by allosteric activation and inhibitory phosphorylation. Phospho-S641 (pS641) from one C- terminal tail interacts with the regulatory helices α22 to cause enzyme inhibition. This can be relieved by glucose-6-phoshate (G6P), with or without phosphatases, to reach a high activity state. Kinases can phosphorylate GS to inhibit the enzyme.

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