Table 2 Comparative genomics of the taxa containing MAGs negatively associated with IA seroconversion.

From: Islet autoantibody seroconversion in type-1 diabetes is associated with metagenome-assembled genomes in infant gut microbiomes

Major species containing negative MAGs (Negative MAGs/Total MAGs)

Module ID

Function description

Enrichment analysisb

Phylogenetic regression analysisc

   

Effect size

Q value

Estimate

Q value

Comparison of f__Enterococcaceae (a #4) and f__Lactobacillaceae (a #6) versus f__Streptococcaceae (a #5)

Enterococcus faecalis(228/245)

M00550

Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose−5P

1.07

3.78E–125

3.92

1.97E–10

Enterococcus_A avium(76/79)

M00061

D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P

0.79

4.94E–89

4.95

8.80E–18

Enterococcus_B faecium(51/55)

M00631

D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P

0.76

1.40E–83

6.43

2.15E–18

Enterococcus_B faecium_B(18/20)

M00008

Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate

0.73

1.48E–76

5.45

1.25E-12

Enterococcus_D casseliflavus (19/21)

M00006

Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P

0.68

1.85E–67

8.24

4.79E–28

Enterococcus_D gallinarum (40/42)

M00003

Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P

0.65

1.68E–75

6.53

1.12E–15

Enterococcus_D sp002850555 (12/12)

M00116

Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate => menaquinol

0.61

4.76E−50

10.07

2.55E–10

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei(100/111)

M00153

Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase

0.60

3.42E–59

9.35

1.31E–05

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus(153/165)

M00308

Semi-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, gluconate => glycerate-3eP

0.54

9.00E–48

6.59

3.99E–21

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (33/33)

M00004

Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle)

0.53

2.15E–51

14.10

1.88E–28

Lactobacillus gasseri (19/21)

M00165

Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle)

0.52

1.99E–47

7.70

3.94E–18

Lactobacillus paragasseri (8/13)

M00011

Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate

0.47

7.77E–32

7.83

7.86E–28

Limosilactobacillus fermentum (44/49)

M00532

Photorespiration

0.46

1.02E–36

6.28

6.63E–39

`Limosilactobacillus oris (16/16)

M00001

Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate

0.46

1.63E–43

19.39

7.62E–26

Lactococcus lactis (16/28)

M00167

Reductive pentose phosphate cycle, glyceraldehyde-3P => ribulose-5P

0.43

6.08E–28

13.87

1.93E–19

M00345

Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway

0.43

5.47E–31

19.86

6.85E–10

Comparison of o__Burkholderiales (a #3) and o__Enterobacterales (a #2) versus o__Verrucomicrobiales (a #1)

Parasutterella excrementihominis(45/45)

M00529

Denitrification, nitrate => nitrogen

1.20

1.15E–137

20.59

9.55E–08

Parasutterella sp000980495 (26/27)

M00880

Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor

1.08

3.82E-128

11.37

2.60E-17

Sutterella wadsworthensis (14/14)

M00550

Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P

0.96

3.08E–105

3.87

5.24E–09

Enterobacter himalayensis (15/18)

M00804

Complete nitrification, comammox, ammonia => nitrite => nitrate

0.81

8.55E-83

8.19

4.38E-29

Escherichia coli (226/255)

M00150

Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes

0.78

2.43E–88

15.61

9.55E–09

Escherichia coli_D (69/76)

M00616

Sulfate-sulfur assimilation

0.69

1.12E–72

4.31

1.12E–22

Escherichia flexneri (114/130)

M00095

C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway

0.69

5.94E–71

5.76

2.92E–16

Klebsiella_A oxytoca (12/13)

M00718

Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexAB-OprM

0.67

5.63E–61

21.27

3.85E–43

Klebsiella pneumoniae (19/25)

M00546

Purine degradation, xanthine => urea

0.65

8.20E–58

4.92

1.44E–19

M00167

Reductive pentose phosphate cycle, glyceraldehyde-3P => ribulose-5P

0.64

2.99E–56

16.59

1.08E–44

M00879

Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate

0.63

3.97E–64

3.93

4.92E–21

M00087

beta-Oxidation

0.62

1.39E–61

3.42

9.28E–09

M00761

Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N

0.56

5.70E–51

2.89

4.27E–08

M00417

Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase

0.55

3.85E–51

2.89

2.06E–08

M00170

C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type

0.53

5.49E–42

15.96

9.14E–50

M00004

Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle)

0.52

2.09E–40

22.59

1.10E–17

M00088

Ketone body biosynthesis, acetyl-CoA => acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate/acetone

0.51

6.75E–43

17.61

1.11E–11

M00006

Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P

0.50

7.30E–40

5.24

5.18E–16

M00615

Nitrate assimilation

0.49

4.46E–38

13.86

2.17E–37

M00008

Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate

0.48

7.42E–39

9.68

7.37E–08

M00165

Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle)

0.48

1.03E–38

18.87

7.92E–22

M00061

D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P

0.47

2.22E–40

2.89

8.20E–15

M00345

Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway

0.45

3.02E–30

19.62

3.65E–03

M00034

Methionine salvage pathway

0.43

4.56E–27

18.65

3.89E–38

M00579

Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate

0.42

2.03E–30

4.47

1.24E–13

M00631

D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P

0.41

6.69E–31

4.41

9.77E–26

  1. aThe numbers correspond to the numbered taxa shown in the caption of Fig. 4.
  2. bWilcoxon test (two-sided), Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted
  3. cPhylogenetic linear modeling (two-sided), Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted