Table 2 For the water sector, an increase in total costs resulting from higher investment spending is particularly evident in the PV and Wind Only cases.

From: Simulated co-optimization of renewable energy and desalination systems in Neom, Saudi Arabia

Water Sector

Investment cost [M$]

Operating cost [M$]

Total cost [M$]

% Change of Total Cost

Independent / Co-Optimization

 

Base

361 / 366

2347 / 2345

2708 / 2711

0.1

KSA Grid

361 / 378

2347 / 2335

2708 / 2714

0.2

Wind Only

361 / 390

2347 / 2340

2708 / 2730

0.8

PV Only

361 / 496

2347 / 2337

2708 / 2833

4.6

  1. Shown are results for the Base, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Grid, Wind Only, and Photovoltaics (PV) Only cases.