Fig. 5: Seasonal trajectories of P, Ep, E changes and the drivers in southern Amazonia and southern Africa.
From: Rising ecosystem water demand exacerbates the lengthening of tropical dry seasons
For each day of the year, the linear trends were calculated with the zonally averaged and 30-day smoothed daily values over southern Amazonia (48–65°W, 5−16°S, a–c) and southern Africa (12-30°E, 13-23.5°S, d–f), over the 1983-2016 period. a, d These show the daily means and overall trends of P, Ep, and E. The gray area (in a and d) indicates the dry season based on P < \(\bar{P}\). b, e They show the individual contributions of T, RH, u2, and Rn to the overall trend of Ep. c, f These show the changes of parameters (S, VOD, Soil Moisture) representing the constraints of soil moisture and vegetation water content on E. Datasets included in this analysis are: P from MSWEP v2.8, Ep, T, RH, u2, and Rn from ERA-5. E, Stress factor and Soil Moisture from GLEAM v3.3a, Vegetation Optical Depth from VODCA Ku-band (available only for 1987–2016).
