Fig. 5: Immune-stimulatory MPS-PVP facilitates antigen processing and presentation of RAW264.7 macrophages. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Immune-stimulatory MPS-PVP facilitates antigen processing and presentation of RAW264.7 macrophages.

From: Inorganic nanosheets facilitate humoral immunity against medical implant infections by modulating immune co-stimulatory pathways

Fig. 5: Immune-stimulatory MPS-PVP facilitates antigen processing and presentation of RAW264.7 macrophages.

a Immunofluorescence staining of RAW264.7 macrophages for iNOS (green), CD206 (red), and DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 100 μm. b, c Flow cytometry analysis displaying changes in CCR7 (M1 marker) and CD206 (M2 marker) expression in RAW264.7 macrophages after different treatments. M1/M2 macrophage equals to CCR7 positive/CD206 positive cells. d Concentrations of TNFα, IL1β, IL6, and IL12 in the supernatants of RAW264.7 macrophages after indicated treatments. e Fluorescence staining showing the bacterial phagocytosis 60 min after RAW264.7 macrophages (red) and bacteria (green) inoculation. Scale bar, 50 μm. f, g Representative flow cytometry plots (f) and quantification (g) of phagocytic clearance of bacteria by RAW264.7 macrophages with indicated treatments. h Schematics of MPS-PVP maintaining proinflammatory phenotypes of macrophages. The experiments in a and e were repeated independently three times with similar results. c, d, g Data are mean \(\pm\) s.d. (n = 3 per group) and n represents biologically independent experiments. Two-tailed, unpaired t-test, exact p-values. Van, vancomycin. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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