Fig. 1: Route for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass.
From: Rational highly dispersed ruthenium for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose

Representative structures of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose (left). A highly dispersed Ru catalyst (RuN/ZnO/C) is used for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose, which affords monophenols in theoretical maximum yields, as well as well-preserved (hemi)cellulose components (right).