Fig. 2: Photoelectric characterization of the wet intermediate perovskite films (before annealing) without and with the moisture treatment.
From: Moisture-triggered fast crystallization enables efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
a Photographs of wet intermediate perovskite film for pristine, humidified, and over humidified samples. b, c Depth profile of the XPS spectra of N 1s peak on the pristine and humidified samples. Ar+ ion beam is used to etch film samples for desired sputter duration to evaluate the composition distribution of the intermediate film in different depths. d, e Steady-state photoluminescence spectra excited from the quartz substrate side (backside) and the perovskite film side (front side). f, g Evolution of UV-vis absorption spectra as a function of time for the pristine and the humidified wet films.
