Fig. 4: Reaction pathways of electrochemical alteration of amino acids.
a Shows the presumed pathways. Starting from amino acids, derivative products of amine and α-hydroxy acids were generated via decarboxylation (pathway I) and deamination (pathway II), respectively. Pathway III shows the reaction mediated by a glycine-like intermediate, leading to the generation of common products. b Summarizes the pathways involved in glycine electrolysis deduced based on isotope labeling results. Steps denoted in dashed lines and arrows were based on hypothetical intermediate states and literature report62. NHx* and CHx* represent the adsorbed intermediates. The electrons participated in these reactions are sourced from H2 oxidation reaction and highlighted in yellow.
