Fig. 7: Comparison of greenhouse gas production from subsea permafrost with terrestrial permafrost.

Shown are organic carbon (OC) loss, the contribution of CH4 production to organic carbon loss, and absolute rates of CH4 production during the first year of incubation. Subsea permafrost (sub. pf.) data are from cores 4D-13, 2D-13, 4D-12, and 1D-14 from the Buor-Khaya Bay, and data from previous studies include terrestrial, Pleistocene, and Holocene permafrost (pf.) and well as thermokarst deposits10,22,25. For comparability, only samples with organic carbon content <5% and incubation temperature at 4 °C are included. Box plots show medians with 25th and 75th percentiles as box limits, minimum/maximum values as whiskers, and numbers of observations in italics.