Fig. 1: H₂O₂ induces the nuclear localization of KIN10.

a Diagram of progressive stomatal lineage in the Arabidopsis early leaf epidermis. M meristemoid cell, SLGC stomatal lineage ground cell, PC pavement cell, GC guard cell. b–d KI prevents DCMU-induced nuclear localization of KIN10-YFP in M and SLGC. Seedlings of pKIN10::KIN10-YFP transgenic plants were treated with or without 50 μM DCMU and/or 1 mM KI for 12 h. n = 113 (Mock), n = 107 (DCMU) and n = 108 (DCMU + KI) meristemoid or SLGC cells in 10 cotyledons were analyzed by ImageJ in d. e–g H₂O₂ induces the nuclear localization of KIN10-YFP in plants. Seedlings of pKIN10::KIN10-YFP transgenic plants were treated with or without 2 mM H₂O₂ and/or 50 μM CHX for 2 h. n = 102 (Mock), n = 110 (H₂O₂), n = 103 (CHX) and n = 101 (CHX + H₂O₂) meristemoid or SLGC cells in 10 cotyledons were analyzed by ImageJ in g. h–l Overexpression of CAT2 reduces the nuclear localization of KIN10-YFP. n = 102 (Col-0), n = 104 (p35S::CAT2-Myc) meristemoid or SLGC cells in 10 cotyledons were analyzed by ImageJ in l. Seedlings of pKIN10::KIN10-YFP (b–g) and pKIN10::KIN10-YFP/p35S::CAT2-Myc (h–l) transgenic plants were grown on ½ MS solid medium containing 1% sucrose under 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod with 100 µMol/m²/s for 4 days. Serial Z-stack projection images were used for quantitative analysis. The white arrows inside the images show the areas used for line scan measurements that yielded plot profiles shown in the lower panels. C1, cytoplasmic signals of KIN10-YFP in meristemoid cells; N1, nuclear signals of KIN10-YFP in meristemoid cells; C2, cytoplasmic signals of KIN10-YFP in SLGC; N2, nuclear signals of KIN10-YFP in SLGC. Box plot shows maxima, first quartile, median, third quartile, minima. Different letters above the bars indicate statistically significant differences between the samples (Brown-Forsythe ANOVA analysis followed by Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test, p < 0.05 (d, g); Two-way ANOVA analysis followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, p < 0.05 (l)). Adjustments were made for multiple comparisons test. Scale bars in confocal images represent 10 µm.