Fig. 1: Design and fabrication of the optoelectronic CE camera.

a Photograph of a dragonfly; the insets are the microscopic image of its CE and the schematic diagram of the organism underneath. b Schematic illustration of the defocusing issue in optoelectronic integration; there is a mismatch between the curved image surface and the planar image sensor. c, d Simulated light field of CEs with spherical ommatidia (c) and logarithmic ommatidia (d) via COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software; The incident light of the ommatidium was set as a plane wave. e The schematic diagram for the fabrication of CEs using FL-TPP; the inset is a photograph of an as-prepared μ-CE and the head of a mosquito. f The schematic diagram for the optoelectronic integration; the inset is the photograph of an optoelectronic integrated μ-CE camera.