Fig. 5: Mie resonant modes and exciton-anapole polaritons in 2D MoS₂ disk arrays.

a Optical microscope images of 2D MoS₂ disk arrays (H1-H7, i.e., \(P\)=510 nm and \(\varLambda\) is from 0.3 to 0.48), along with the SEM image for H2 sample. The scale bar represents 20 μm. b, c Measured (b) and simulated (c) extinction spectra (under normal incidence) for H1-H7. Red, blue, and cyan circles represent the resonant frequencies of electric dipole (ED), magnetic dipole (MD), and anapole modes. d The simulated spectrum for H3 region (indicated by the white dotted line in (c)). Red, blue, and cyan lines are Lorentzian fittings for ED, MD, and anapole modes. The purple dashed line is the sum of the ED and MD fitting curves. The black dashed line indicates the A excitonic resonance. e The electric field distributions of the corresponding ED, MD, and anapole modes in (d). f, g Zoomed-in extinction spectra from box I in (b). The extinction spectra (H1-H7) in (g) are shifted vertically for clarity. The purple diamonds and yellow stars indicate the resonant energies of UP and LP. Purple and yellow lines in (f) are the fitting curves (fitted by Eq.(1)) for UP and LP. The dark blue dashed and dotted lines in (f) indicate the dispersions of anapole mode and A exciton separately. Dashed-dotted line in (g) indicates the A excitonic resonance. (h, i) Similar to (f, g) but for the zoomed-in region from box II in (c).