Fig. 1: Multiproxy records of annual and seasonal temperature evolution during the Holocene.
a Annual temperature trends from our pollen-based reconstructions over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) landmass (red), North America and Europe (NAEU, teal), and Asia (dark blue) with the number of 2° × 2° grid cells for the temperature stack in 200-yr bins (grey bar) and mean squared chord distance (SCD; blue). This panel also shows a marine-dominated multiproxy stack for 30–90°N2 (MC13), NH marine and terrestrial multiproxy stack3 (KA20), and pollen-based stack for North America and Europe9 (MA18). b Summer temperature trends from Kaufman et al.3 (KA20), our pollen-based reconstructions over the NH landmass (red) and in North America and Europe (NAEU, teal), and GDD5 record from Marsicek et al.9 (MA18). c Winter temperature trends from Kaufman et al.3 (KA20), Marsicek et al.9 (MA18), and our reconstruction (red). Shading indicates 95% uncertainty bands for all curves except for MC13 (1σ uncertainty). KA20s are composite z-score curves averaged from the original zonal stacks.
