Fig. 2: Spatial patterns of Holocene temperature variations revealed by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Spatial patterns of Holocene temperature variations revealed by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis.

From: Holocene seasonal temperature evolution and spatial variability over the Northern Hemisphere landmass

Fig. 2: Spatial patterns of Holocene temperature variations revealed by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis.

a EOF1 patterns of annual, summer and winter temperatures from 11 to 7 ka BP. b As (a) but for period from 7 ka BP to present. The maps show the correlation coefficient between the reconstructed series and PC1 (c and d) instead of the actual EOF1 values. The percentages of the total variance explained by PC1 are 58%, 52% and 58% for annual, summer and winter temperatures, respectively, during 11–7 ka BP, and 36%, 31% and 42%, respectively, during 7–0 ka BP. The white, yellow and pink shading indicates the ICE-7G ice-sheet range at 11 ka BP, 7 ka BP and at the present, respectively93. The green polygons indicate the regions manually divided according to EOF1 patterns and geography: A, western North America (W_NA, 25–75° N & 105–180° W); B, northeastern North America (NE_NA, 40–75° N & 50–105° W); C, southeastern North America (SE_NA, 25–40° N & 50–105° W); D, western Europe (W_EU, 30–65° N & 15°W–5° E); E, northeastern Europe (NE_EU, 48–75° N & 5–56° E); F, southeastern Europe (SE_EU, 30–48° N & 5–56° E); G, northern Asia (N_AS, 50–75° N & 56–180° E); and H, southern Asia (S_AS, 0–50° N & 56–140° E).

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