Fig. 5: Effects of genetic silencing and optogenetic activation of IC-CeA or IC-NAc projectors on fear and extinction memories. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Effects of genetic silencing and optogenetic activation of IC-CeA or IC-NAc projectors on fear and extinction memories.

From: Insular cortical circuits as an executive gateway to decipher threat or extinction memory via distinct subcortical pathways

Fig. 5: Effects of genetic silencing and optogenetic activation of IC-CeA or IC-NAc projectors on fear and extinction memories.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a–d Effects of genetic silencing of IC-CeA or IC-NAc projectors. a Schematic of AAV injections. b Patch-clamp recordings from the neurons in CeA and NAc. Scale bars, 100 ms, 50 pA. c Effects of genetic silencing of IC-CeA projectors. Ctrl (EGFP), n = 15 mice, TetTox, n = 16 mice. Cond.: F(1, 29) = 8.733, **P = 0.0061, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Retr.: t(29) = 2.853, **P = 0.0079, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. d Effects of genetic silencing of IC-NAc projectors. Ctrl (EGFP), n = 10 mice, TetTox, n = 10 mice. Cond.: F(1, 18) = 0.1298, P = 0.7228, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Ext.: F(1, 18) = 8.519, **P = 0.0092, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Retr.: t(18) = 4.944, ***P = 1.0482E−04, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. e–g Effects of optogenetic activation of IC-CeA or IC-NAc projectors. e Schematic of AAV injections. f Effects of optogenetic activation of IC-CeA projectors. Left: optogenetic activation and behavioral protocols. Right: freezing responses to the CS during fear conditioning and fear-memory retrieval. Blue box, light-on period. Ctrl (mCherry), n = 9 mice, ChR2, n = 9 mice. Cond.: F(1, 16) = 14.57, **P = 0.0015, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Retr.: t(16) = 3.816, **P = 0.0079, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. g Similar to (f) for the effects of optogenetic activation of IC-NAc projectors. Ctrl (mCherry), n = 11 mice, ChR2, n = 11 mice. Cond.: F(1, 20) = 0.01930, P = 0.8909, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Ext.: F(1, 20) = 11.93, **P = 0.0025, two-way repeated measures ANOVA; Retr.: t(20) = 2.924, **P = 0.0084, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM and the error bar represents SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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