Fig. 3: Geographic breakdown of potential generation of secondary cementitious materials (CMs).

Data are shown on a country-by-country basis for year 2018 using units of mass potential secondary CM generation per mass cement production (i.e., Gt secondary CM/Gt cement). a Agricultural by-product ashes. b Forestry by-product ashes. c All secondary CMs generation considered herein. d End-of-life binder. e Industrial by-products, comprising coal combustion by-products including coal fly ash and iron and steel by-products including granulated blast furnace slag.