Fig. 2: Speleothem δ18O records from Asian summer monsoon and South American summer monsoon domains and cave locations.
From: Coupled atmosphere-ice-ocean dynamics during Heinrich Stadial 2
a–e Speleothem δ18O records from Cherrapunji Cave (composite Cherrapunji record, this study) (a), Yongxing Cave (YX-51, black, this study) in comparison with the Cherrapunji record (light green) (b), Marota Cave (MAG, this study) (c), Paixão Cave (PX-07, this study) (d), and Botuverá Cave (BTV-4C, this study) (e). Note the inverted y-axis for (a) and (b). Error bars show 230Th dates with uncertainties (2σ) for each record (color coded). Greenland Stadial (GS) and Greenland Interstadial (GI)2 are shown at the top. It is noted that the timing of Greenland events are based on the GICC05 chronology (Supplementary Note 1.5), which is shifted by +320 years (see main text). AHP2 and SAHP2 durations are marked by double-sided arrows. The vertical bars from left to right during AHP2 depict stages I, II, and III. f Spatial pattern of June-July-August (JJA) minus December-January-February (DJF) precipitation amount-weighted δ18O (‰) in the Asian summer monsoon domain using the Isotope-incorporated Global Spectral Model version 2 (IsoGSM293) for 1979–2017. g is the same as in (f) but for DJF minus JJA in the South American summer monsoon domain.
