Fig. 6: HLA II aAPCs stimulate functional antigen-specific human CD4+ T cells.

a HLA II aAPC design includes HLA II molecules with cleavable thrombin linkers to facilitate peptide exchange. Created with BioRender.com. b CD69 induction on HA1.7 TCR-transfected Jurkat cells following stimulation with αCD3/αCD28 microparticles or titration of DR1/αCD28 aAPCs loaded with cognate hemagglutinin (DR1 HA) or non-cognate CLIP (DR1 CLIP) peptides. c–g Expansion of HA-specific CD4+ T cells from DRB1*04:01 healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) treated with DR4 HA aAPCs in media supplemented with four different cytokine mixes: (i) IL-2; (ii) IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ; (iii) IL-2 and IL-12; and (iv) IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15. c Representative tetramer staining, d frequency, and e fold expansion of DR4 HA CD4+ T cells on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. f Memory phenotype and g intracellular cytokine production of HA-specific CD4+ T cells on days 14 and 21. Data in b, d–g represent mean ± standard error of the mean (s.e.m.) from three or more independent experiments. b n = 4 and d–g n = 3 donors analyzed using a d, e repeated measure or b, f, g ordinary two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple-comparisons test.