Fig. 3: Urotensin II-saporin treatment affects the sleeping patterns causing sleep deprivation.

A Average amount of REM, NREM, and wake sleep during lights on (sleep) and lights off (wake) periods. (P = 0.0264, two–way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). B Average number of REM, NREM and wake sleep bouts during lights on (sleep) and lights off (wake) periods. (P = 0.0026, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). C Average length of REM, NREM an wake bouts during lights on (sleep) and lights off (wake) periods. (P = 0.0145, two way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). D The average number of transitions during the lights on period that lesioned (gray) and UTII-SAP (red) lesioned mice moved between sleep states and sleep and wake (P = 0.010 unpaired two-tailed t-test). E Average number and length of sleep bouts (periods spent inactive lasting at least 10 min, P = 0.5023, P = 0.0475, unpaired two-tailed t-test) and total time spent inactive (P = 0.0475, unpaired two-tailed t-test) during a 12 h light phase for the first 48 h of activity recording. F Total time spent inactive during the 12 h light phase in the first 48 h (P = 0.0014, unpaired two-tailed t-test). G Activity traces of a control and a lesioned mouse over 3 days of in 12:12 h light:dark cycle. On day 3 during the dark phase, mice were exposed to 3 h of 30 Lux dim light. H Time spent active during the 3 h low light period during the 12 h light phase on day 3 of the experiment. (P = 0.04). Mice placed in 40% oxygenated (high O2) for 8 h a day during the sleep period for 2 weeks starting 2 weeks after injection with UII-SAP (purple bar) did not have a sleep debt compared to UTII-SAP-injected mice subjected to normoxia. (P = 0.0286, two-tailed Mann–Whitney test). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 ****P < 0.0001 n.s: non-significant. Results are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Each data point represents an individual animal. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.