Fig. 5: cMPT lesion exacerbates major AD hallmarks of lesioned APP/PS1 mice.

A Representative photomicrographs of sagittal brain sections of hippocampus and cortex of APP/PS1 mice treated with UII-saporin (6 animals) or control Blank-saporin (6 animals) and stained with thioflavin S (ThS) and 6E10 (both for Aβ plaques), CD68 or GFAP (for microglia and astrocytes). Scale bars = 100 μm. B The average number of ChAT-positive neurons in the LDT of UII-SAP -injected APP/PS1 mice was lower than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank-SAP (P = 0.0033). C The amount of soluble Aβ in the hippocampal lysates of APP/PS1 mice treated with UII-SAP as measured by ELISA was higher than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank-SAP (P = 0.0116). The density (D; P = 0.0320) and area (E; P = 0.0432) of thioflavin-S-positive Aβ plaque in neocortex of APP/PS1 mice treated with UII-SAP was higher than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank- SAP. The density (F; P = 0.0028) and area (G; P = 0.0012) of CD68 immmunopositive staining in the neocortex of the APP/PS1 mice treated with UII-SAP was higher than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank-SAP. Density (H; P = 0.0023) and area (I; P = 0.0241) of GFAP immunostaining in the neocortex of the mice treated with UII-SAP was higher than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank-SAP. J The thickness of the CA1 pyramidal layer of UII-SAP-injected and Blank-SAP-injected APP/PS1 mice. K The thickness of the somatosensory cortex of UII-SAP-injected and Blank-SAP-injected APP/PS1 mice. L The average number of ChAT-positive basal forebrain (BF) neurons in APP/PS1 mice treated with UII-SAP was lower than that of APP/PS1 mice injected with Blank-SAP (P = 0.0038). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 ****P < 0.0001 n.s.: non-significant. Student’s unpaired two-tailed t-test for panels (B–L). Results are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Each data point represents an individual animal. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.