Fig. 3: Comparisons of biomass burning emission flux between this study and four emission inventories.

The constrained BB emissions (Cons. Emis.) are shown with interquartile ranges (error bars) resulting from the eight uncertainty factors (see Supplementary Fig. 4). Total BB emissions consist of OA, BC, and SO2. The OA emissions in the four inventories are converted from OC emissions with a ratio ranging from 1.4 to 2.6 as used in the AeroCom models (shown as the range of bars). The 1.67 OA/OC ratio (thick black lines) from a recent field measurement is used for direct comparison37. The four inventories are Global Fire Emission Database version 4.1 s (GFED)35, Fire Energetics and Emission Research version 1.2 (FEER)34, Global Fire Assimilation System version 1.2 (GFAS)18, and Quick Fire Emissions Dataset version 2.5 (QFED)36.