Fig. 2: The electrochemical performance of electrodes and unit.

a The CV curves of the positive CPN film electrode and negative p-CNT film electrode at the scan rate of 10 V s−1. b The CV curves of ACPEC at different scan rates from 1~1000 V s−1. c Scan rates versus discharging current density of ACPEC. d–g The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test of an ACPEC unit. d) Bode plot. e Nyquist plot, inset: the expanded view at high frequencies. f Plots of the real or imaginary parts of specific capacitance (C’ or C”) versus frequency. g Plot of areal-specific capacitance (CA) as a function of frequency. h Comparison of areal specific capacitance (CA, 120) and areal specific energy density (EA, 120) of the ACPEC at 120 Hz with those of the reported common aqueous AC line filtering ECs (Supplementary Table S1)4,11,13,14,18,19,21,22,23,24,25,26,30,31,32,33,34,43,47,49. i) Cycling stability of the ACPEC calculated from GCD curves at a discharging at a current density of 5 mA cm−2 for 20,000 cycles, inset view: the GCD curves of the first and last 4 cycles. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.