Fig. 5: Filtering capacitors integrated with ACPECs in large-scale.

The photographs of (a) 67-ACPECs, and (b) comparing the size of scrolled 670-ACPECs with a disk. c Photograph of 670-ACPECs charged to 1000 V at the current density of 8 mA cm⁻². d−f The electrochemical performance of filtering capacitors integrated with various number of ACPECs. d Plots of phase angle versus frequency. e Plots of the imaginary part of capacitance (C”) versus frequency, inset: the frequency corresponding to the maximum C” of 340-ACPECs (green dotted line), 540-ACPECs (purple dotted line) and 670-ACPECs (yellow dotted line). f Plots of capacitance versus frequency of filtering capacitors integrated with different numbers of ACPECs in-series. g) Plot of E₁₂₀ versus working voltage of ACPECs devices. h Comparing the maximum working voltage of the 670-ACPECs with the reported integrated ones^25,30,31,35. i The retention of phase angle and capacitance (C₁₂₀) of 670-ACPECs for 50 days. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.