Fig. 4: RONA of P. koreana to future climatic conditions.

a, c The average RONA estimates across four climate models for the 24 populations under the SSP370 climate scenarios in 2061-2080 (a BIO5; c BIO13). The raster colors on the map represent the degree of projected future climate change (absolute change). Areas with darker red (a) or blue (c) are predicted to experience more substantial change in the respective climate variables. The size of the circles on the map represents the RONA values of different natural populations. b, d Comparison of the average RONA values under two different climate scenarios (SSP126 and SSP370) in 2061–2080 across populations for BIO5 (b) and BIO13 (d). Error bars represent the standard error (SE) of the average RONA calculated from four different climate models for BIO5 (n = 271 climate-associated variants) and BIO13 (n = 841 climate-associated variants), respectively. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.