Fig. 6: TWAS results.

TWAS identified 36 distinct genes (representing 73 gene–tissue pairs) where expression was associated with adverse HF/structure/function traits, and 28 distinct genes (across 111 splicing–tissue pairs) where splicing was associated with adverse HF/structure/function traits. A Dotplot depicting the gene–tissue pairs where gene expression was significantly associated with HF. B Dotplot depicting the gene–tissue pairs where transcript splicing was significantly associated with HF. In A, B, the bubble size corresponds to absolute z-score, with bubbles colored to the direction of effect, while white dots denote associations that were significant after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing (p < 0.05/17703 genes). Only the most significant gene–tissue pair is shown when multiple splicing events in a given gene were identified. C Left ventricular gene expression profiling from MAGNet for genes prioritized by TWAS. Red dots represent candidate genes with significant differential expression among failing vs. healthy hearts, after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing.