Table 1 The simulated and tested results of strains of artificial 31-mode (ε1), 36-mode (ε6), and 31–36 coupled mode (ε6 for coupled mode) of OSSPSU stators based on [001]-PIMNT crystal and hard ceramic under the electric field of 20 V mm−1

From: Miniaturized electromechanical devices with multi-vibration modes achieved by orderly stacked structure with piezoelectric strain units

Piezoelectric stators

Specimen sizes (length [mm] × hight [mm] × width [mm])

Simulation values for pure modes (%)

Simulation values for coupled modes (%)

Experimental values for coupled modes (%)

ε1

ε6

ε6

ε6

[001]-PIMNT crystal-OSSPSU stator

5 × 1.3 × 1.06 (HLR = 0.26)

0.02

0.16

0.039

0.026

Hard ceramic-OSSPSU stator

5 × 1.3 × 3.24 (HLR = 0.26)

0.004

0.04

0.028

0.018

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