Fig. 6: Model proposed for NP formation in a non-stoichiometric perovskite oxide based on in situ STEM observations and DFT calculations. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: Model proposed for NP formation in a non-stoichiometric perovskite oxide based on in situ STEM observations and DFT calculations.

From: Anti-phase boundary accelerated exsolution of nanoparticles in non-stoichiometric perovskite thin films

Fig. 6

The APB presents a low energy segregation site and also fast diffusion pathway for exsolved Ni toward surface. The formation of Ni NP occurs via two step crystallization. The reactive wetting of Ni NP with oxide results in the formation of ridge at the triple junction, leading to the strong anchoring of Ni to the oxide. The yellow, green, and navy spheres denote La/Sr (A-site), Ni (B-site), and Ti (B-site) ions, respectively. The gray and green spheres on the surface represent the amorphous and crystalline Ni atoms, respectively. The gray octahedra represent the core-shared network in the matrix and APD; the blue octahedra represent the edge-shared network in the APB.

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