Fig. 1: Evaluation of the effect of PGs on ice growth.
From: Janus regulation of ice growth by hyperbranched polyglycerols generating dynamic hydrogen bonding
a Schematic of the instrument for one-directional freezing experiments. b Temperature gradient according to the freezing coordinate and quantification of ice-growth rate. c, d, e Polarized optical and fluorescence microscopic images for the movement of the ice/water interface with respect to time in (c) pure water, (d) hbPG, and (e) linPG. The status of the ice/water interface movement is shown after 0, 30, 60, and 90 s. The dotted lines and arrowhead marks indicate the centerline of the sample stage. f Ice-growth rate according to concentrations of PGs and PVA. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
