Table 2 Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of death in relation to per standard deviation increase in the frequency of T cell subsets in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, site of onset, delay in diagnosis, disease progression rate at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), and the time difference between measurement of BMI and blood sampling, stratified analysis by sex, age, progression rate, and site of onset
From: T cell responses at diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis predict disease progression
Cell population out of live cells (%) | No. of patients (deaths) | HR (95% CI) | No. of patients (deaths) | HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | Male | ||
CD4+ | 30 (18) | 1.91 (0.94–3.88) | 48 (26) | 1.53 (0.96–2.45) |
Teff | 29 (18) | 2.17 (1.02–4.63) | 48 (26) | 1.53 (0.96–2.43) |
aTreg/rTreg (ratio) | 29 (18) | 0.28 (0.11–0.71) | 47 (26) | 0.77 (0.47–1.25) |
Age | Younger than 67 | Older than 67 | ||
CD4+ | 39 (18) | 1.09 (0.67–1.79) | 39 (26) | 2.32 (1.31–4.09) |
Teff | 39 (19) | 1.12 (0.67–1.87) | 38 (25) | 2.43 (1.33–4.43) |
aTreg/rTreg (ratio) | 38 (18) | 0.90 (0.55–1.49) | 38 (26) | 0.47 (0.26–0.85) |
Progression rate | Slow (<0.45) | Fast (>=0.45) | ||
CD4+ | 39 (16) | 1.75 (0.94–3.27) | 39 (28) | 1.76 (1.07–2.88) |
Teff | 39 (17) | 1.77 (0.99–3.18) | 38 (27) | 2.05 (1.16–3.64) |
aTreg/rTreg (ratio) | 38 (17) | 0.45 (0.15–1.30) | 38 (27) | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) |
Site of onset | Spinal | Bulbar | ||
CD4+ | 43 (20) | 1.45 (0.78–2.69) | 33 (23) | 2.00 (1.18–3.39) |
Teff | 42 (20) | 1.42 (0.79–2.56) | 33 (23) | 2.14 (1.23–3.71) |
aTreg/rTreg (ratio) | 41 (20) | 0.89 (0.48–1.65) | 33 (23) | 0.42 (0.19–0.90) |
